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Knots per square inch (KPSI)
Understanding Knots Per Square Inch (KPSI) in Hand-Knotted Rugs
KPSI, or Knots Per Square Inch, measures how many knots are packed into a single square inch of a hand-knotted rug. It’s a good way to gauge the quality and durability of the rug. However, keep in mind that KPSI can vary based on style, origin, and other factors. So, it’s just one piece of the puzzle when evaluating a rug.
How do you measure it?
To measure KPSI, flip the rug over and count the number of knots you see running vertically for one inch, then count the knots running horizontally for one inch. Multiply these two numbers to get the KPSI.
For example, if you count 14 knots vertically and 14 knots horizontally, the KPSI is 14×14.
Compare KPSI Qualities
Think of each knot as a pixel in an image. The more pixels, the clearer the image. Similarly, more knots in a square inch mean a more intricate and detailed rug design. It also makes the rug more durable because the knots are tightly packed.
To achieve higher KPSI, finer materials like silk or thinner yarn are often used, enhancing the rug’s quality. However, higher KPSI also means the rug takes longer to make, sometimes between 5 to 12 months.
KPSI is expressed as vertical knots x horizontal knots, like 8×8, which is pronounced as “eight-eight” quality.
KPSI Example
| Quality | 5×8 (150×240 cm) | 8×10 (240×300 cm) | 9×12 (270×360 cm) | 10×14 (300×420 cm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8×8(64) | 368.640 (knots) | 737.280 (knots) | 995.328 (knots) | 1.290.240 (knots) |
| 10×14(140) | 806.400 (knots) | 1.612.800 (knots) | 2.177.280 (knots) | 2.822.400 (knots) |
| 14×14(196) | 1.128.960 (knots) | 2.257.920 (knots) | 3.048.198 (knots) | 3.951.360 (knots) |
Knots
Persian (Asymmetrical) Knot
This knot is made by wrapping the yarn around one warp strand and then passing it under the neighboring warp strand. It’s a popular technique for creating beautiful hand-knotted rugs. You’ll find it used in places like Iran, India, Turkey, Egypt, and China.
Turkish (Symmetrical) Knot
For this knot, the yarn is passed over two neighboring warp strands, with both ends of the yarn coming out between them. It’s commonly used in Turkey, Iran, and the Caucasus region to make stunning rugs.
Tibetan Knot
This unique weaving technique comes from Tibet. The yarn is looped around two warp strands and a rod. Once the rod is covered with loops, a cut is made to form the pile and remove the rod, resulting in a soft, plush rug.
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